After experiencing an exceptionally successful winter season in terms of foreign tourist arrivals and revenue, the Canary Islands are now confronted with a multifaceted challenge.
Firstly, there’s a growing discontent among a portion of the local population regarding the existing tourism model, which many perceive as outdated and detrimental to the region’s well-being. This sentiment is bubbling to the surface, reflecting broader concerns about the long-term sustainability of the islands’ tourism-driven economy.
Secondly, both hoteliers and the regional government are deeply concerned about the potential repercussions of what they term “tourism phobia.” They fear that negative perceptions of tourism, particularly among key markets like England and Germany, could significantly impact visitor numbers and, consequently, the islands’ economy.
On the horizon looms a significant demonstration slated for April 20th, set to take place across the archipelago’s main cities. Organizers are predicting a “massive” turnout, further heightening anxieties among hotel owners and government officials, especially in the wake of recent protests in the United Kingdom that garnered widespread attention.
President Fernando Clavijo (CC) has emphasized the importance of ensuring that visitors feel welcome, stating, “Those who come to enjoy themselves, to spend a few days and to leave their money in the Canary Islands should not have to be rebuked.” Vice-president Manuel Domínguez (PP) echoed this sentiment, questioning whether it’s wise to undermine the region’s primary economic driver. Gabriel Wolgeschaffen of the Tenerife employers’ association, Ashotel, underscored the economic risks, stating, “The cow that gives milk should not be touched.”
CONTEXT OF THE SITUATION IN THE CANARY ISLANDS
Following the challenges posed by the pandemic, the Canary Islands have witnessed a remarkable resurgence in tourism. In 2023, the islands welcomed a staggering 13,942,966 foreign tourists, marking the second-best year on record. February 2024 saw a 14% increase in foreign tourist arrivals compared to the same period in 2023, with visitors spending 2,177 million euros and generating a 10.3% increase in overnight stays. The tourism sector now plays a crucial role in driving the islands’ economy, contributing to 35% of the GDP and nearly 40% of employment.
THE STRAW THAT BROKE THE CAMEL’S BACK
The current social movement against the prevailing tourism model is fueled by various factors, including strained infrastructure, soaring housing prices, and overcrowding at sensitive natural sites. These issues have exacerbated existing tensions and underscored the need for a reevaluation of the region’s development policies.
While sustainability measures, such as restricting access to protected areas and implementing an eco-tax, have been proposed, their implementation has been fraught with challenges. The failure to pass an eco-tax, despite initial support, highlights the complexities involved in balancing economic interests with environmental concerns.
New regulations seek to address housing shortages aggravated by investments in holiday homes, making housing increasingly unaffordable for locals. Foreign investors now dominate the housing market, accounting for a significant portion of transactions in 2023.
Hoteliers are sounding the alarm about the rise of “tourism phobia,” fearing that negative sentiments towards tourists could harm the industry. Reports of graffiti with messages like “Tourists go home!” have raised concerns about potential boycotts and negative publicity.
TOURISM MODEL EXHAUSTION?
Activists behind the April 20th demonstration reject claims of promoting “tourism phobia,” instead calling for a reassessment of the tourism paradigm. They argue that unchecked growth is unsustainable socially and environmentally and advocate for a temporary moratorium on further tourism development.
Recent protests against projects like the port of Fonsalía, the La Tejita beach hotel, and the Cuna del Alma complex underscore mounting concerns about unchecked development and environmental degradation. Additionally, longstanding environmental organizations continue to challenge unsustainable projects, facing opposition from the Canary Islands Government.
