The Caldera de Taburiente on La Palma has been recognised as one of the top 100 geological heritage sites globally by the International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS). This prestigious selection involved over 200 specialists from nearly 40 countries and 10 international organisations, highlighting the global importance of this volcanic wonder.
The Caldera de Taburiente: A Geological Masterpiece
Spanning eight kilometres in diameter and plunging 1,500 metres deep, the Caldera de Taburiente is one of the most dramatic volcanic formations on Earth. Its steep cliffs, carved by millions of years of erosion, reveal a rich tapestry of volcanic layers that document the geological history of La Palma and provide a natural laboratory for volcanologists and geologists worldwide.

The caldera’s origin dates back over 2 million years, shaped by a combination of volcanic eruptions, landslides, and erosion. Unique features include basaltic dykes, pyroclastic deposits, and volcanic domes, all contributing to its unparalleled value as a geological site. The area’s natural beauty is further accentuated by its dense Canary Island pine forests, thriving due to the island’s unique microclimate.
Ecological and Cultural Importance
Beyond its geological significance, the Caldera de Taburiente is a hub of biodiversity. It is home to several endemic plant and animal species, such as the Canary Island juniper and the La Palma giant lizard. These ecosystems are crucial for maintaining the island’s environmental balance and are a testament to the resilience of life in challenging volcanic terrains.
The site also holds cultural and historical significance. The ancient inhabitants of La Palma, the Benahoaritas, considered the caldera a sacred place. Archaeological remains, such as petroglyphs and ancient tools, have been discovered within the area, offering insights into their way of life and spiritual practices.
Protected Status and Visitor Highlights

Declared a National Park in 1954, the Caldera de Taburiente is among the first protected natural areas in Spain. It is also recognised as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, further cementing its status as a natural treasure. Visitors can explore its well-marked hiking trails, such as the iconic Barranco de las Angustias, and enjoy breathtaking views from the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory, one of the world’s premier astronomical sites.
A Global Perspective
The recognition of the Caldera de Taburiente places it alongside world-famous sites like the Grand Canyon and Yellowstone National Park. This accolade not only underscores its importance for scientific research but also highlights its role as a natural and cultural icon of the Canary Islands.
The caldera’s inclusion in the IUGS list reinforces the Canary Islands’ status as a hub of geological and ecological significance, ensuring its legacy for future generations. Visitors and researchers alike are drawn to its unique landscapes, making it a cornerstone of La Palma’s identity and a shining example of Earth’s volcanic heritage.